Deeper Inquiry Group

On February 21, 2006 eleven Learning Group members took part in a special meeting on "Presencing/Theory U" to further explore the ideas of Presencing and Theory U, as presented by Otto Scharmer at our September 2004 and December 2005 program meetings. The discussion was so stimulating that the idea of forming a special interest group to explore "deeper inquiry" was put forth.

Following a meeting on May 2 a plan was devised and approved by our Coordinating Committee. The new “subgroup” is for Learning Group members who wish to explore presencing and related topics through unstructured, open inquiry, dialogue, discussion and, oftentimes, simply being present to what comes up for us as a group. 

The group is operating as a team with rotating facilitation. An e-group is used for administration; membership in it is open to all Learning Group members who would like to participate.

The next meeting will be October 7, 7:00 PM to 9:00 PM, at the offices of MetaView Consulting and Coaching, at 7 Mystic Street, Room 200, Arlington Center. Judy Wallace will facilitate, using Dialogue, on an as yet to emerge topic.

To RSVP for this meeting or find out more information about the Deep Group, write to to deep@learninggroup.org. However, members should feel free to come even if circumstances do not permit sending advance notice. Nonmembers may join at the meeting; for membership information, click here. Past Deep Group participation is not necessary to be part of out presencing experiment. All one needs is an open heart, open mind, and one's personal truth.

We will have notes on the June 10, July 1, August 5 and September 2 meetings soon.

Prior Meeting notes

Almost by its very nature, the subject matter of the Deeper Inquiry Group (sometimes nicknamed DIG SIG) is not easy to describe. Likewise, discussion has been free-flowing and note-taking is somewhat like writing on the wind. Nevertheless, we are trying to capture some of the flavor of the meetings here, with "back-sequenced" reports. However, the following can at least give some idea of the nature of the Deep Group discussions.

The topic for our May 6 meeting, facilitated by Malaena Nahmias and Gillian Orlinksky. was accessing and integrating one's "shadow side" to bring us into deeper collective awareness and presence. Our facilitators offered the following definition of "shadow side," based on the writing of Debby Ford:

The shadow contains the parts of ourselves that we try to hide, deny or suppress. It is the keeper of aspects of ourselves that we dislike and the qualities that we judge as unacceptable. The shadow wears many faces: angry, critical, fearful, lazy, controlling, selfish, weak, and pathetic. These are the faces we don't want to show to the world and the faces we don't want to show to ourselves.

Most of us expend huge amounts of energy trying to get rid of or control these unwanted aspects of ourselves. We hope that by hiding or fixing our "bad qualities" we will have the peace, success and happiness we desire. Most of us are convinced that we are flawed and inadequate so we become masters of disguise, and go to great lengths to hide our bad qualities from those around us, even from ourselves. Our shadow can become the source of creativity, humility, and compassion if through self-awareness we can accept our selves as whole, including our shadow.

They all cited the following poem by Rumi:

The Guest House

This being human is a guest house
Every morning a new arrival.
A joy, a depression, a meanness,
some momentary awareness comes
as an unexpected visitor.
Welcome and entertain them all!
Even if they are a crowd of sorrows,
who violently sweep your house
empty of its furniture,
still treat each guest honorably.
He may be clearing you out for some new delight.
The dark thought, the shame, the malice,
meet them at the door laughing,
and invite them in.
Be grateful for whoever comes,
because each has been sent

as a guide from beyond.

We began with an exercise in which we wrote words descriptive of our own personal shadow side on pieces of paper. This were mixed together and in rotation we drew out and commented on these descriptions.

Some of the issue and ideas that arose from the subsequent discussion were as follows:

  • What are the barriers that prevent from openly discussing our shadow sides?

  • Many of the "shadow characteristics" would seem to be normal behaviors, natural under certainly circumstances.

  • The same item given might mean different things to different people.

  • What would it be like if we did not attempt to conceal our shadow side?

  • Is it possible to interact with one's shadow?

  • Can a group have a collective shadow? If so, can and should it be explored?

  • Is it desirable to advance beyond the normal boundaries of conservation in order to identify and work on shadow selves?

  • Could this group agree not to hold back in the interest of being a laboratory for exploring thought and behavior?

  • Should agents of change identify their own shadow side with the client or the group?

These questions proved both complex and interesting, with some points being rather controversial. We thus decided to follow up on this topic at our next meeting.

- - -

Our April 8 meeting was co-facilitated by Jiahong Juda and Judy Wallace will following up on a question from our March 4 meeting on whether co-facilitation is better than solo facilitation, with the topic continuing our consideration of "use of self" approach as a mean to promote deeper conversation. 

We began with a check-in describing our present state of mind. "Excitement" was the most commonly cited feeling about the meeting, but joy, anticipation, peacefulness, openness, curiosity, a "state of calling," hopefulness, caution, and nervousness were also mentioned.

Paper and stickies were put on the table, with participants urged to write down any thoughts they had during the discussion. Later we would "harvest" these to create a shared sense of the meeting.

Our facilitators then put forth two question for the discussion: (1) Is there an experience that you would be willing to share in which you applied use of self to be an instrument of change? (2) How is use of self helpful to groups?

Jiahong Juda compiled the harvest into a document she called the "random list". It is an interesting method to record the spirit of and learning from the meeting.

A few "thoughts" or "themes" that survived onto other paper notes from the discussion:

  • We are always instruments of change, whether consciously/intentionally or not.

  • To understand the change, we need to listen to our "voice within".

  • Changing the container can promote change in the group.

  • We need to get away from considerations of self-interest to find and meet the needs of the group.

  • Facilitators and consultants can see themselves an instruments of change.

- - -

The March 4 meeting continued with facilitated discussion, with Marci Shaffer leading us as we further considered use of self as a means for deep organizational change. We began by summarizing our last meeting, noting the importance of the "container" and the role of OD practitioners in enabling discussion not to yield to the "default container" but rather take a deeper direction.

We also noted again the Deep Group itself as an experiment in such conversations. And a connection was noted to Otto Scharmer's ideas concerning how we can get out of the "blind spot" and move toward deep innovation and change.

Some ideas emanating from the the subsequent discussion on use of self and deep change were as follows:

  • "The success of the intervention depends upon the intervenor".

  • The inner place that we work from is an instrument of change.

  • Peter Block's Flawless Consulting shows how change agents need to be reflective to succeed.

  • Change agents need to return what they have experienced and learned via use of self to the group.

  • Change agents need to promote the well being of the group.

  • There are different levels of the self and groups may need to go through different stages.

  • As opposed to self as ego, we need to promote a collective sense of self.

  • To promote deep change, we need to take the group to a higher level (e.g., ask, "How are we doing as a group?").

  • There needs to be a balance between the individual and the team or group, with each being tolerant of the other.

  • How can we make "magic" happen?

  • "Give to the group and open something new."

  • Change agents need to bring out what is in others.

  • Are there structures or techniques for taking a group higher?

  • If you can approach the group from a higher state, you will be more able to advance them (provided they see that your higher state is "real').

  • How can we convey what we can feel but cannot articulate?

  • The groups needs to feel that everyone is present to one another.

  • There is a tension between pushing further ahead and pulling back.

One question that came up was whether co-facilitation may be more effective. We accordingly decided to experiment by continuing this discussion at our next meeting with two facilitators.

- - -

Our February 5 meeting was facilitated by Jim Ritscher and continued with the “safe container” theme from our previous meeting. The group applauded Jim’s efforts at creating an excellent, reflective summary of his definition of a container, which as he sees it, is the core organization developmental skill.

According to Jim, ‘the container refers to the set of forces, agreements and interactions that bind and control a group or organization. It is the boundary that expresses what is and is not acceptable for the group.”

 He cited, and we discussed, the following nine areas as tools for shaping the container:

  • Focus directly on the container (guidelines, etc.)

  • Explore big questions

  • Focus on business and organization needs

  • Perform standard facilitation functions

  • Use Self as instrument of change

  • Engage in inner development

  • Build group capacity

  • Focus on Healing

  • Use exercises (visualization, etc.)

Jim also presented some suggested guidelines, which we dialogued about for most off the session. Strong feelings emerged around the use of first person (e.g., I agree to participate and to make sure other people participate). In terms of our group, the consensus was that individual participants should be considering as having responsibility for other's behavior.

The meeting evoked much divergent conversation.  While some of the participants viewed the session as informational and, therefore, not an entry point into “deep” conversations, others chose to reflect on the experience as that’s what emerged and felt accepting of the result. As in all meetings, participants strive to remain open to what comes up in the moment, and the core group seems to have developed its own safe container through unspoken guidelines.

- - -

At our January 8 2008 meeting we discussed what proved to be the selected topic for our next meeting: how can a "container" be created for deep change. Often, it was noted, a container is seen as providing a "safe place" for open discussion, but paradoxically change may not occur unless people are willing to take "dangerous" risks.

We also put that question into the context of our meetings: What is enabling for some people (e.g., candles) may make other uncomfortable. We talked about how we can honestly fact up to personal issues such as that, using the Deep Group as a "laboratory" for human interaction.

This discussion related to the ongoing theme of what we are creating and exploring in these meetings. There was some feeling that to get better in focus the "no topic" parameter should be abandoned, though we felt that self-facilitation was still appropriate.

We used a one work check-out to capture attendees' feeling about the meeting, with the following list ensuing:

  • Excited

  • Reflective

  • Stimulated

  • Curious

  • Processing

  • Thinking

  • Looking ahead

At our November and December meetings we continued with the visualization and meditation processes employed in October. At the former, we reached a very "metalogic" state in which those present felt having received deep insight into to question of what the group is accomplishing, without being able to "name" the experience. We decide to try to pick up exactly where we left off and continue with self-facilitation.

The "where we left" experiment had a mixed success, perhaps in part due to a slightly changing composition of the group. We tried to start with a recent member's experience but got somewhat "stuck" before resuming the quest. However, there was agreement that it was a valuable experience and that participants had been able to state their feelings and understanding in a reciprocally respectful way. So we again decide to continue the same "undefined process" next time, again using self-facilitation.

At our October 2 meeting, Michele Simos and Paul Weisman facilitated, showing us a device for "Brilliant Decision-Making," as developed by Ron W. Jue, Ph.D. and Volker Schad. We began by formulating an opening question of "What are we exploring and creating through the Deep Group?" Each of us formed a visual image of the group, the following list emerging:

  • A playground

  • A spider's web

  • Clasped open hands

  • A labyrinth

  • A living cell

  • A sheet of yellow paper

  • A monkey

  • A magnifying glass

  • An underground river

  • The ocean

  • A garden

- - -

Judy Wallace facilitated our September 11 meeting, in which used dialogue, this to discuss the U-process. Judy's handouts are available in the Deep Group e-group.

In a variant of a talking stick, Judy set out various objects on the table for us to take indicating our willingness to speak and (from our choices) as an indication of our current state of mind.

We discussed each of the stages of the U process and the role of dialogue at each. Those attending again found the dialogue methodology very helpful for the discussion.

Our August 7 meeting continued our exploration of Dialogue and was facilitated by Allyn Bradford (the coordinator of out Dialogue Group). Following a check-in, Allyn explained the use of a talking stick and asked us to create the dialogue container by following these principles:

  • Listen with an open mind.

  • Be aware of your assumptions.

  • Seek a collective meaning.

  • Speak the truth as you see it.

  • Share your thinking process.

  • Nurture emerging ideas.

  • Balance advocacy with inquiry.

  • Suspend judgment.

  • Find your own voice.

  • Be in touch with your attitudes.

In a rather free-flowing discussion, we touched many topics. Some ideas that were expressed were as follows:

  • By being explicit about our assumptions, we can get feedback on our thoughts.

  • Consider whether you "own" your assumptions or whether your assumptions "own" you.

  • Slowing down the conversation process allows for better understanding.

  • Dialogue can create a "peaceful oasis" that leads to collective emerging thought.

  • Our early conditioning effects our judgment, and our being quick to judge can keep us from learning.

  • Certain organizational cultures (such as that of Toyota) are receptive to suspending judgment and being open to new ideas.

  • Judgment can be turned on and off.

  • We do need to make everyday judgments simply to cope with our environment.

  • One result of dialogue can be the acceptance of our not all being in agreement.

  • Another principle useful in Dialogue (analogous to the practice of the Quakers) is to refrain from speaking until you are sure that what you say will improve the quality of the discussion.

  • The "letting go" of the urge to speak may resemble the "letting go" in the U process.

  • Judgment often is exhibited in our parenting.

  • How does judgment differ from discernment?

  • Dialogue allows us to tap into a deep need that we have lost in a culture.

  • We can experiment with the principles of dialogue in our day to day life.

  • Dialogue helps us connect with other people.

  • What creates the container for dialogue?

  • There may be a relation between dialogue and diversity in that both involve accepting others (but also accepting yourself).

  • How can we bring dialogue into organizations?

  • Can dialogue "spill over" into the larger organization?

  • Dialogue has been used in some organizations.

  • Ford has a practice of identify meetings as "triangular" (decision making) or "circular" (opening up new possibilities).

  • There are some similarities between dialogue and Co-Active Coaching.

  • Dialogue has been used in the classroom.

  • To use dialogue in organizations means that people have to let go of their organizational roles and to be committed to the process.

  • What lies "beneath" our judgments?

In a concluding check-out, we compared our experiences with using dialogue. In particular, whether a talking stick is helpful and how silence for reflection can be promoted were discussed. But overall there was a consensus to keep using dialogue as the format for these meetings.

Some books that were cited in the discussion:

Otto Scharmer, Theory U
Eckhart Tolle, The Power of Now and A New Earth
David Yankelovich, The Magic of Dialogue

- - -

Our July 10 session was on the role of Dialogue in presencing and in the Deep Group and was facilitated by Jim Murphy. Note taker was Judy Wallace.

In part, this topic was selected because at our June 5 meeting that has been some feeling that the nature of our conversations should be reviewed. After some introduction about dialogue from Jim and discussion among the group, the evening’s topic seemed to hold the questions

  • Will dialogue becomes the process for discussion in this group going forward?

  • How could dialogue and adhering to dialogue guidelines improve the quality of conversation in organizations?

This became the guiding topic/question for the evening’s discussion. 

After the opening of the space with the reminder that silence is OK, we moved into dialogue around a "sample" list of dialogue guidelines, viz.:

  • Speak to the group.

  • Listen without resistance.

  • Speak again only after others have had their turn.

  • Specify your assumptions.

  • Balance inquiry and advocacy.

  • Build shared meanings.

  • Move beyond your individual idea to a deeper understanding.

  • Allow silence for reflection.

It was later commented that this permission to have silence seemed to relax the conversation, slow the pace compared to previous times. The guideline that seemed to bring out the most questions or comments was “Speak to the group”.  There was a tendency for open interpretation on this and others, but the group agreed in principal to the guidelines and moved into the broader dialogue with these in mind.

Lots of very rich thoughts were expressed about how these guidelines in organizational conversations and contexts might make a difference. There was also the sense that the individual’s role in relation to the group would be more one of less focus on self and one’s own ideas and identity and more openness to other’s ideas and seeing the bigger what might benefit the group or the organization. 

One line of inquiry that guided our conversation honed in on the very results and competitive orientation of most organizations that we might have as clients.  It was also mentioned that innovation is seen to come out of competition.  Could dialogue produce these kinds of results?  Could the cultures of dialogue and competition be compatible?  Could there be a “both and” way forward?

Another expressed the fast paced atmosphere and sense of urgency around time, how things need to happen at a speed that requires meeting deadlines with no time for slowing down.  So this whole question of how dialogue practices could be effective or even introduced into the organizational context where competition, results, deadlines, efficiency, egos, and action-orientation predominate became part of our conversation.  It also seemed to point to further conversations.  Along with this were ideas expressed about how dialogue might actually produce more long term productivity, quality, and employee satisfaction.  It was pointed out that most organizations in our culture are so good as “doing” or “taking action” and not good at “being” or “stillness” or “slowing down”.  We are good at talking and not so good at listening.  It was said that “silence can be the connective tissue of collaboration”.

It was also pointed out that science and the need to control, to predict, to replicate results has influenced our culture.  In quantum physics that all got thrown up in the air as the outcome could not be known or predicted; so is the case with dialogue.

We concluded by reflecting the process we had just experience and comparing the conversion/dialogue of this evening with those of previous meetings. These were some of the thoughts put forward:

  •  Equality of participation – not really there in the past.

  • Because silence was OK, there seemed to be a shift in the group, a slowing down of the pace

  • No debate

  • No competition to speak, could put out ideas more easily

  • Sense of safety

  • More restful, receptive, sometimes almost meditative atmosphere

  • Not trying to convince or persuade

  • Could hear different points of view, ideas not thought of before, so opened wider perspective

  • Realization that don’t have to voice all thoughts

  • Listening

  • Inviting, welcoming, like being held

  • Organic process, not controlled

  • Would like more time to go deeper (maybe three hours?)

It was agreed that the group would continue with dialogue as the process, at least for the next meeting. It was suggested that the evening’s facilitator provide context or guidelines for each evening.

- - -

On June 5, our facilitator was Tom Matera, with the topic being whether presencing is an evolutionary or a transformational process. We began with a round of introductions and why we were drawn to the Deep Group, producing some of the following comments:

  • I like the concept of "deep" learning.

  • I am interested in spirituality and find support in the group.

  • I get energy from the group.

  • I am interested in the subject of presencing.

  • I like the mixture of individual and group ideas on change, which provides emerging learning.

  • I enjoy the richness of the discussion.

  • I find the ideas presented useful in my work.

Tom the suggested that, while at first that difference between "evolution" and transformation" might seem abstract or semantic, examining our view on these concept could help us better understand presencing. Some thoughts that came up in this first part of the discussion were as follows:

  • Presencing involves both evolutionary and transformational components.

  • When we look back at evolutionary change, it may seem that it was at some point a transformation; this may occur at the point of "letting go," when the acceptance of a new paradigm occurred.

  • External change, such as disruptive technology, can produce the need for transformation, but organizations (cf. the experience of Digital) often cannot make the change. [There is a brief discussion of the case of Digital in Chapter 18 of Scharmer's Theory U.]

  • Perhaps one could say that organizational change is always evolutionary but transformation occurs when there is awareness of the new state.

  • Personal transformation may begin as evolutionary, followed by a transforming "shift".

  • Transformational change means a new group identity.

  • Transformation involves letting go of a frame reference - of what we were or what I "owned".
     

  • Is change harder for organizations than for individuals?

  • Letting go often requires abandoning a previous worldview (cf. Kuhn's The Structure of Scientific Revolutions).

  • Change comes when leaders take people on a journey and coach on new behaviors.

  • Presencing and Theory U show cases of deep change by organizations conducting a vision quest.

  • A change may take place over time (evolutionary) but their may be a "quick jump" (transformational) to a new place.

  • The U change process involves adopting new mental models.

  • Could the U become a spiral?

  • There can be a point of letting go and "getting stupid" before the transformation.

  • A period of practicing over and over may be needed before there are results.

  • For deep change, we need to consider our assumptions - do we own them or do they own us?

  • Transformation occurs throughout the U process but is most evident in the "letting go" stage.

We then made a pause for reflection and resumed the discussion by considering what gets in the way of transformation. Some of the points raised were as follows:

  • How can we determine the steps needed to reach the place where change is possible?

  • Scharmer outlines three levels: open mind (readiness to consider change), open heart (embracing the change), open will (not being able to go back).

  • A key issue is how to deal with the fear of making the change.

  • Change agents need to be able to demonstrate a future that can be seen.

  • We need to test organizations as to whether they can change.

We finished with a debrief. There was consensus that the session has been very valuable. Some admitted that the topic had seemed "academic" but that the flow of ideas showed that in fact it led to fruitful discussion.

Some concerns were raised over "process" issues such as more equal participation and the use of silence for reflection. It was suggested that the topic of dialogue for next week might help the group not only to continue learning about presencing but also to make another periodic check on its operating principles.

- - -

The May 1, 2007 meeting was facilitated by Peter Kouzmov. Extending the theme previously discussed of how our own emotions affect the results of our work in organizations, Peter compared the Presencing model with that of Use of Self.

We began with an ice-breaker in which we instructed to maintain eye contact with another person or persons for two minutes. We then reported our feelings, generating the following comments:

  • The experience was uncomfortable, as it made me feel like an "intruder".

  • A similar process is used in Speaking Circles.

  • I was bothered not only my own discomfort but by my supposing the other person was feeling discomfort.

  • To avoid the discomfort, I "disassociated" by wondering what the intent of the exercise was.

  • I had to shift from person to person because it was too much to stay fixed on one face.

  • Though I always thought of myself as visual-oriented, this showed the limitation of that mode.

  • The discomfort may be because this behavior runs against social norms.

Next, we reviewed the Presencing/Theory U model, commenting on our understanding and experience of each of the steps (consciousness and awareness of the present moment; being open beyond one’s perceptions and historical ways of making sense; "letting go" of the need to control; readiness to "let come"; shifting from re-creating the past to realizing an emerging future; consciously participating in a larger field for change). Some remarks from this section included the following:

  • Letting go means acknowledging that there are new ways to think and being willing not to follow cultural assumptions.

  • To let go, there needs to trust that something will indeed come.

  • Letting go can involve a destabilizing of our world view (cf. Kuhn's The Structure of Scientific Revolutions).